Željko Nastasic´
Gábor Deák Jahn
The Citroën
Technical Guide
There are many car manufacturers, makes, models
and versions on the road today but—as we all
know—none of them compares to Citroën in its
engineering excellence, especially regarding
suspension comfort, roadholding, and stability.
In this book we tried to describe how the various
subsystems work. We never intended to replace
service manuals or similar technical instructions.
Illustrations are schematic, focusing on the
principles of operation rather than on minute
details of implementation.
This guide is not linked to any specific Citroën
model but describes all systems and solutions
used on a large number of cars from the glorious
line of DS, ID, CX, GS, GSA, BX, XM, Xantia, Xsara
and the C5.
The Citroën Guide U
2
Table of Contents
Fuel Injection
Electronic Fuel Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
The HPi engine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Diesel engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
Electronic Diesel Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Diesel Direct Injection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Suspension
A Suspension Primer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Hydropneumatic Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Hydractive I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Hydractive II. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Anti-sink system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Activa Suspension . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Hydractive 3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Steering
Power Assisted Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
DIRAVI Steering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
Self-steering Rear . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Brakes
Standard braking system. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Anti-lock Braking System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Electrical Systems
Multiplex network. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Air Conditioning
Air conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56
Appendix
ORGA number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60
Index
Electronic Fuel Injection
The Otto engine needs a mixture of fuel and air
for its operation. It would be the task of the fuel
supply—carburetor or injection—to provide the
engine with the ideal mixture. Unfortunately,
there is no such thing as an ideal mixture.
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